It led to an array of imitators and clones, as well as a robust modding scene and the birth of speedrunning as a community. It has been cited by video game historians as shifting the direction and public perception of the medium as a whole, as well as sparking the rise of online games and communities. It has been termed the "father" of first-person shooters and is regarded as one of the most important games in the genre. It sold an estimated 3.5 million copies by 1999, and up to 20 million people are estimated to have played it within two years of launch. A retail version with an additional episode was published in 1995 by GT Interactive as The Ultimate Doom.ĭoom was a critical and commercial success, earning a reputation as one of the best and most influential games of all time. Id published Doom as a set of three episodes under the shareware model, marketing the full game by releasing the first episode free. The designer Tom Hall initially wrote a science fiction plot, but he and most of the story were removed from the project, with the final game featuring an action-heavy design by John Romero and Sandy Petersen. In May 1992, id started developing a darker game focused on fighting demons with technology, using a new 3D game engine from the lead programmer, John Carmack. It is an early example of 3D graphics in video games, and has enemies and objects as 2D images, a technique sometimes referred to as 2.5D graphics.ĭoom was the third major independent release by id Software, after Commander Keen (1990–1991) and Wolfenstein 3D (1992). The game begins on the moons of Mars and finishes in hell, with the player traversing each level to find its exit or defeat its final boss. The player assumes the role of a space marine, later unofficially referred to as Doomguy, fighting through hordes of undead humans and invading demons. Released on December 10, 1993, for DOS, it is the first installment in the Doom franchise. Doom is a first-person shooter game developed and published by id Software.
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